The countries of sub-Saharan African have the lowest per capita GDP and the highest birth rates of any region in the world.
When it comes down to discussions of whether the United States needs an activist industrial policy to power future economic growth, maybe the most common argument I hear is that other countries like China are doing it, so the US needs to do it as well.
The use of economic sanctions by the United States has increased tenfold in the last 20 years.
The Spanish government and its supporters question the GDP figures, which show a very poor recovery, lagging behind the OECD and European Union, stating that employment is recovering stronger therefore the GDP figure must be wrong.
Most of the International Debt Statistics 2022 report just published by the the World Bank is region- and country-level tables about types of financial inflows and outflows with a focus on low- and middle-income countries.
The fundamental idea behind government industrial policy is that the forces of a market economy are not moving, or not moving quickly enough, in a desirable direction.
In US-based conversations about China-US trade, it sometimes seems to me that the working assumption is that China's economy is heavily dependent on trade with the United States--which in turn would give the US government strong leverage in trade disputes. How true is that assumption?